何时服用
With food.
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维生素证据中等
Vitamin B3
别名: niacin, nicotinamide
Vitamin B3 is part of the coenzymes NAD and NADP, which are essential for energy production and DNA repair. It exists as nicotinic acid, which causes flushing, and nicotinamide, which does not.
用途
- Normal energy metabolism, skin and nervous system – strong evidence (EFSA)
- Nicotinamide to reduce risk of some non-melanoma skin cancers in high-risk people – moderate evidence, under dermatologist supervision
- Improving blood lipids – nicotinic acid changes them, but large trials showed no fewer heart events; only under medical supervision
剂型及区别
nicotinamide (niacinamide)
no flushing, the most common supplement form
nicotinic acid
causes flushing and skin redness
inositol hexanicotinate (flush-free)
no flushing but releases little active niacin – weak evidence
适合搭配
Other B vitamins.
不宜同服 / 需错开
Do not combine high doses with alcohol or medicines that burden the liver.
注意事项
High doses can strain the liver and raise blood sugar and uric acid. With liver disease, diabetes, gout, stomach ulcers, in pregnancy and if you take medicines (e.g. statins), consult your doctor.
安全性
EFSA upper limits: 10 mg/day for nicotinic acid and 900 mg/day for nicotinamide.
实用建议
Check which form your product contains – the difference between nicotinamide and nicotinic acid matters a lot.
含 Vitamin B3 的产品 7
Vitamin B3 250 mginositol hexanicotinate · 250 mg / 粒
Vitamin B3 500 mginositol hexanicotinate · 500 mg / 粒
Vitamin B3 inositol hexanicotinate 3 mginositol hexanicotinate · 3 mg / 粒
Vitamin B3 500 mgnicotinic acid · 500 mg / 片
Vitamin B3 1000 mgniacinamide · 1 000 mg / 片
Vitamin B3 500 mgniacinamide (nicotinamide) · 500 mg / 粒
Vitamin B3 nicotinamide 500 mgnicotinamide · 500 mg / 粒
如何理解证据评级
证据充分证据中等证据薄弱无证据
充分 = 多项高质量人体研究或官方推荐；中等 = 有前景但研究规模较小；薄弱 = 研究少或结果不一；无证据 = 说法未被证实。
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重要提示
以上信息仅供科普，不能替代医生或药师建议，我们不提供药物剂量。补充剂不能替代均衡饮食；孕期、哺乳期、患病或服药者请先咨询医生。