In plain words
These are natural purple, blue and red pigments from berries, grapes or red cabbage. You will find them in juices, jams, yoghurts and sweets, where they add colour.
Where you find it: fruit drinks, jams, confectionery
Our recommendation
No need to avoid them.
Possible risks and effects
- No relevant risk known at normal intake.
For experts
Anthocyanins are water-soluble flavonoid glycosides whose shade depends on pH (red in acidic, bluish in alkaline conditions). They are extracted from edible plants such as grape skins. EFSA re-evaluated them in 2013; data were insufficient to set an ADI, but exposure from typical uses was not considered a concern.
Check another E-number
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E171Titanium dioxideE102TartrazineE104Quinoline yellowE110Sunset Yellow FCFE122Azorubine (carmoisine)E124Ponceau 4RE129Allura Red ACE120Carmine (cochineal)This information is educational and based on EFSA assessments and available studies; it does not replace medical advice. With allergies, intolerances or illness, follow your doctor’s advice.