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E954Caution

Saccharin

Group: Sweeteners

Harm level3 of 5In moderation

In plain words

Saccharin is the oldest artificial sweetener, about 300 to 500 times sweeter than sugar, with a typical metallic aftertaste. It is found in tabletop tablets, diet drinks and some canned or pickled products.

Where you find it: tabletop sweeteners, diet drinks

Our recommendation

Limit it and do not use it as an everyday sugar substitute.

Possible risks and effects

  • Possible gut microbiome effects (evidence still inconsistent).
  • Cancer concerns have not been confirmed in humans.

For experts

Saccharin (and its sodium, potassium and calcium salts) is not metabolised and is excreted in urine. Bladder tumours in rats arose through a mechanism not relevant to humans, so IARC moved it to Group 3 in 1999. EFSA's 2024 re-evaluation confirmed its safety and raised the ADI to 9 mg/kg body weight; effects on the gut microbiome are still being studied.

Check another E-number

More from this group

E950Acesulfame KE952CyclamateE420SorbitolE421MannitolE951AspartameE953IsomaltE955SucraloseE961Neotame

This information is educational and based on EFSA assessments and available studies; it does not replace medical advice. With allergies, intolerances or illness, follow your doctor’s advice.