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E160bCaution

Annatto (bixin, norbixin)

Group: Colours

Harm level3 of 5In moderation

In plain words

Annatto is a natural yellow-orange colour from the seeds of the tropical achiote shrub. It colours cheese (such as cheddar), butter, snacks and cereals.

Where you find it: cheese, snacks, smoked meats

Our recommendation

Most people need not avoid it; those with a known allergy should skip it.

Possible risks and effects

  • Occasional allergic reactions (hives, rarely anaphylaxis) in sensitive people.

For experts

Carotenoid extracts from Bixa orellana seeds; bixin is fat-soluble, norbixin water-soluble. EFSA re-evaluated them in 2016 and set separate ADIs for bixin and norbixin, seeing no safety concern at normal intake.

Check another E-number

More from this group

E171Titanium dioxideE102TartrazineE104Quinoline yellowE110Sunset Yellow FCFE122Azorubine (carmoisine)E124Ponceau 4RE129Allura Red ACE120Carmine (cochineal)

This information is educational and based on EFSA assessments and available studies; it does not replace medical advice. With allergies, intolerances or illness, follow your doctor’s advice.