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E252Caution

Potassium nitrate

Group: Preservatives

Harm level3 of 5In moderation

In plain words

It is a potassium salt, also known as saltpetre, traditionally used for curing meat. You find it in raw ham, dry-cured sausages and some cheeses, where it slowly turns into nitrite.

Where you find it: dry-cured ham, salami, some cheeses

Our recommendation

Limit it together with cured meats; give them to children only rarely.

Possible risks and effects

  • Converts to nitrite in meat and in the body, from which nitrosamines can form.
  • Excess nitrate is risky for infants (methaemoglobinaemia).

For experts

Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is reduced by bacteria to nitrite during long meat ripening, which stabilises colour and inhibits pathogens. In 2017 EFSA confirmed an ADI of 3.7 mg/kg body weight per day (as nitrate ion); most dietary nitrate comes from vegetables, where it comes with protective compounds. In 2023 the EU lowered the maximum permitted levels of nitrates in meat products.

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This information is educational and based on EFSA assessments and available studies; it does not replace medical advice. With allergies, intolerances or illness, follow your doctor’s advice.