It is a white powder that releases sulphur dioxide in food, protecting it from spoilage and darkening. You will find it in dried fruit, wine, shrimps, sauces and some potato products.
Where you find it: wine, dried fruit, fruit juices, potato products
Our recommendation
Limit it; people with asthma or sulphite sensitivity should check allergen labelling and avoid it.
Possible risks and effects
In people with asthma it can trigger airway narrowing and breathlessness.
Sensitive people may react with headache, hives or digestive upset.
Destroys vitamin B1 (thiamine) in food.
For experts
Sodium metabisulphite (Na2S2O5) is an inorganic salt that releases SO2 in aqueous and acidic conditions; it serves as a preservative, antioxidant and anti-browning agent, including on crustaceans. EFSA re-evaluated sulphites (E220–E228) in 2022 and, owing to toxicity data gaps, could not confirm an ADI; it did not rule out a safety concern for high consumers. In the EU, sulphites above 10 mg/kg or 10 mg/l (as SO2) must be labelled as an allergen.
This information is educational and based on EFSA assessments and available studies; it does not replace medical advice. With allergies, intolerances or illness, follow your doctor’s advice.
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